数字农科院2.0

一株猫疱疹病毒（I型）的分离、鉴定及致病性研究

文献类型： 中文期刊

关键词： 猫疱疹病毒I型;;病毒的分离鉴定;;致病性研究

期刊名称：中国预防兽医学报

ISSN： 1008-0589

年卷期： 2025 年

页码：

收录情况： 北大核心（2023版） ; ; CSCD（2025-2026年度） ; ; 科技核心（2024版） ; ; 农林核心（2024版）

摘要： 猫疱疹病毒Ⅰ型（FHV-1）侵入猫上呼吸道系统引发的鼻气管炎是全世界猫科动物中常见的一种病毒性传染疾病，目前我国分离到FHV-1的报道并不多。本研究采集患呼吸系统疾病猫眼鼻拭子，利用猫肾细胞（F81）分离病毒和纯化，结果显示感染分离产物的F81细胞出现明显的疱疹病毒细胞病变（CPE），对其细胞培养物上清进行PCR鉴定，目的条带符合预期大小（625 bp）。进一步对该分离株进行IFA鉴定，结果显示感染该分离株的F81与FHV-1多克隆抗体作用后出现特异性绿色荧光。对分离产物进行超速离心和纯化后经电子显微镜可观察到球形、有囊膜、直径约为200 nm的疱疹病毒样颗粒。将该分离株FHV-1命名为FHV-Q3株。PCR扩增FHV-Q3的gD基因片段，并对其进行测序，结果显示，与NCBI中已登录的FHV-1 gD基因的同源性达99%以上。利用Reed-Muench 法测定FHV-Q3的TCID50，结果显示FHV-Q3的病毒效价为1.78×106 TCID50/mL。将FHV-Q3株第6代5倍稀释后以滴鼻点眼的方式接种3只3月龄的中华田园猫，同时设置PBS接种的猫作为对照组。于感染后3 d、6 d、9 d、12 d、15 d采集眼鼻拭子并进行临床症状观察和评分，感染后16 d剖杀各组猫并取气管、喉、肺，利用qPCR检测病毒载量，同时制作气管和肺脏的病理切片并观察。结果显示，FHV-Q3株感染后会引发典型的鼻气管炎症状，在实验的15 d内无死亡；眼鼻拭子病毒载量最高可达7.9×106 拷贝/μL，组织脏器中喉部的病毒粒子含量最高可达7.9×103 拷贝/mg；组织病理切片观察显示，仅肺部有明显的炎症性细胞浸润和肺泡上皮细胞增生。综上所述本研究在猫眼鼻拭子中分离出了FHV-1，该分离株可引起典型的猫病毒性鼻气管炎症状，该结果不仅丰富了我国FHV-1分离株的病毒库，也为今后FHV-1的临床研究以及FHV-1相关生物制品的研发奠定了基础。

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