广西稻瘟病菌株无毒基因AVR-Pita变异分析
文献类型: 中文期刊
关键词: 稻瘟病菌;;AVR-Pita;;无毒基因;;变异;;监测
期刊名称:植物病理学报
ISSN: 0412-0914
年卷期: 2025 年
页码:
收录情况: 北大核心(2023版) ; ; CSCD(2025-2026年度) ; ; 科技核心(2024版) ; ; 农林核心(2024版)
摘要: 田间稻瘟病菌菌群具有复杂的遗传结构,特别是其无毒基因变异快,是造成抗病水稻品种在种植数 年后抗病性减弱的主要原因。因此,监测稻瘟菌无毒基因变异情况对于水稻抗病品种的合理布局具有重要 的指导意义。本研究利用聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase chain reaction,PCR)、Sanger 测序(Sanger sequencing) 等技术分析了来自广西壮族自治区不同水稻种植区的84 株稻瘟菌中无毒基因AVR-Pita 的分布和变异情况。 结果表明,在这84 株稻瘟菌中,有66 株能够扩增得到AVR-Pita 基因区段。将所得AVR-Pita 基因序列与 NCBI 中公布的AVR-Pita 序列进行对比,发现这66 个菌株含有6 种AVR-Pita 变异类型(AVR-Pita H1~H6)。 进一步将这6 种AVR-Pita 变异类型的稻瘟菌菌株进行活体水稻喷雾接种、离体叶片划伤接种,以检测其致 病性,结果显示这6 种变异类型的菌株均能侵染携带Pi-ta 基因的丽江新团黑谷(Pi-ta-LTH),表明这6 种变异型不能被抗病基因Pi-ta 识别。本研究揭示了广西壮族自治区稻瘟菌中AVR-Pita 基因的变异情况, 以及定期对该无毒基因变异情况进行监测的重要性。这一发现不仅为广西壮族自治区合理布局含抗病基因 Pi-ta 的水稻品种提供了科学依据,也为制定有效的稻瘟病防控策略奠定了基础。
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