数字农科院2.0

黄花苜蓿定植对典型草原植物群落特征及土壤养分的影响

文献类型： 中文期刊

关键词： 黄花苜蓿;;典型草原;;群落特征;;土壤养分

期刊名称：中国草地学报

ISSN： 1673-5021

年卷期： 2025 年

页码：

收录情况： 北大核心（2023版） ; ; CSCD（2025-2026年度） ; ; 科技核心（2024版） ; ; 农林核心（2024版）

摘要： 天然草原生态系统中豆科牧草比例普遍偏低，通过补播豆科植物提升草地生产力是退化草地修复的重要策略。然而，现有研究多聚焦于补播豆科牧草的短期生态响应，对豆科植物长期定居后生态系统结构与功能的影响尚未明晰。本研究以内蒙古锡林郭勒盟典型草原为研究对象，基于7年的黄花苜蓿定居试验平台，设置黄花苜蓿长期定居试验处理与对照处理，研究黄花苜蓿长期定居对草地生产力、群落结构和土壤养分的影响机制。研究结果表明：1）黄花苜蓿定居显著提升草地地上生物量（247.59 g/m²），较对照提升76.62%；2）土壤表层有机质呈现富集效应，0-10cm土层有机质和全氮含量为58.90g/kg、3.53g/kg，分别较对照提升25.61%和25.62%（p<0.05），而10-20cm土层无显著变化；3）黄花苜蓿长期定植下群落Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Margalef丰富度指数、Simpson优势度指数均较对照无显著差异。本研究得出黄花苜蓿长期定植可显著提高天然草原饲草产量，同时维持草地群落生物多样性及物种组成稳定；另外，长期定植可显著提高表层0-10cm土壤有机质和全氮含量。研究结果为天然草原补播豆科植物提供了科学依据，对促进草地资源可持续利用具有重要意义。

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