数字农科院2.0

我国作物野生近缘植物保护工作近20年的成就与展望

文献类型: 中文期刊

作者: 乔卫华;;张宏斌;;郑晓明;;陈宝雄;;陈彦清;;李垚奎;;程云连;;张丽芳;;方沩;;孙玉芳;;杨庆文

作者机构:

关键词: 作物野生近缘植物;;调查收集;;保护

期刊名称:植物遗传资源学报

ISSN: 1672-1810

年卷期: 2020 年

页码:

收录情况: 北大核心(2020版) ; CSCD(2020-2021年度) ; 农林核心(2020版) ; 科技核心(2020版)

摘要: 1999-2019年,农业农村部科技教育司组织农业环保机构、大专院校和科研单位共同开展了作物野生近缘植物调查收集、原生境保护、监测预警和信息系统的构建工作,取得的主要成就包括:(1)按照《农业野生植物调查技术规范》,开展了80个作物野生近缘植物物种的全国性调查,发现了野生兰花、野生茶等珍贵物种的新分布区;(2)查清了60个重要作物野生近缘植物物种的分布状况及资源状况,抢救性收集并异位保存种质资源44737份,建立了可共享、可追溯、可监测的作物野生近缘植物GPS/GIS信息平台;(3)以保护生物学研究和原生境保护技术为基础,指导建设原生境保护点(区)205个,并通过对15个原生境保护点动态监测数据分析,建立了原生境保护点预警监测体系。然而,我国作物野生近缘植物资源调查不全面、抢救性收集不系统、保护点监测覆盖面低、保护点管理技术匮乏等问题突出。因此,未来在加强调查收集的同时,重点将在监测预警的基础上提升原生境保护点管理技术水平,做到每类植物一套技术、每个保护点一套方案,因地施策,使原生境保护由增加数量向提高质量转变。

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