水稻群体均匀度协调产量和品质同升的研究进展
文献类型: 中文期刊
关键词: 水稻ꎻ 群体均匀度ꎻ 产量ꎻ 品质ꎻ 栽培措施
期刊名称:江苏农业学报
ISSN: 1000-4440
年卷期: 2025 年
页码:
收录情况: 北大核心(2023版) ; ; CSCD(2025-2026年度) ; ; 科技核心(2024版) ; ; 农林核心(2024版)
摘要: 水稻群体均匀度是用来衡量水稻植株个体间生长发育差异对群体生长影响的指标ꎬ反映植株分蘖发生、 穗粒形成和籽粒灌浆等方面的一致性ꎮ 水稻产量和品质能否同时提升与群体生长密切相关ꎬ提高种植均匀度能够有 效提高群体均衡性ꎬ进而实现产量和品质同时提高ꎮ 产量和品质同时提高的矛盾与氮素利用密切相关ꎬ增加氮肥施 用量虽然能提高水稻产量ꎬ但也提高了籽粒蛋白质含量ꎬ进而导致米饭食味变差ꎮ 减少氮素穗肥施用是改善稻米品 质的重要措施ꎬ在减少氮素穗肥施用条件下ꎬ高种植均匀度群体的个体发育优势明显ꎬ群体氮素吸收利用效率增加ꎬ 达到少施氮肥也能形成大穗、多穗的高产群体的目的ꎮ 围绕提高群体均匀度的目标ꎬ生产上可以采取培育健壮秧苗ꎬ 合理分布种植空间ꎬ定量施用氮肥ꎬ培育花后高光效群体等方面的栽培措施更有效地实现水稻产量与品质同时提升ꎮ
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