数字农科院2.0

西藏拉鲁湿地野生植物根际微生物资源挖掘及其在缓解玉米盐碱胁迫中的作用

文献类型: 中文期刊

作者: 杨芾;韦善君;张晓霞;张琳敏;刘洪秀;李怡君;仝亚萍

作者机构:

关键词: 拉鲁湿地国家级自然保护区;盐碱地;PGPR;玉米;黄杆菌属

期刊名称:中国农业科学

ISSN: 0578-1752

年卷期: 2025 年 58 卷 20 期

页码:

收录情况: 北大核心(2023版) ; ; CSCD(2025-2026年度) ; ; 科技核心(2024版) ; ; 农林核心(2024版)

摘要: 【目的】盐碱化已经成为世界农业发展的重要因素制约之一,微生物可缓解盐碱对植物的胁迫,但在长期耕作过程中可能使土地中有益的微生物类群数量下降或缺失。将源自原始生境野生植物根际的益生菌应用于盐碱地,为作物抗盐碱提供一种新型生物策略,以期减缓盐碱逆境对作物的胁迫。【方法】分离培养西藏拉鲁湿地国家自然保护区5种湿地植物根际细菌,基于16S rRNA基因序列进行初步鉴定;依托鉴别培养基平板进行功能评价,对具有应用前景的新类群通过盆栽试验验证对玉米幼苗生长的影响。【结果】从小蓬草、牛膝菊、曼陀罗、蒲公英和黄芪的根际土壤样品中,共分离得到260株细菌,优势菌属是不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter),包含发现14个种21株潜在新种;筛选获得溶解无机磷功能34株,产铁载体功能47株。通过基因组确定具产铁载体功能菌株3-210和3-218为黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)的2个潜在新种,均预测出1个植物激素信号转导关键基因GS2,Fegenie分别预测出了50个和71个与铁相关的基因,未检测到与致病过程相关的毒力因子基因。盆栽试验结果表明,接种2株黄杆菌可提高玉米幼苗株高和茎粗等农艺性状,3-210的处理显著提升了叶片过氧化氢酶活性和游离脯氨酸含量,3-218的处理显著提升了叶片过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶活性。【结论】西藏拉鲁湿地植物根际土功能细菌资源丰富,筛选获得了多株具有产铁载体和溶磷功能的菌株,获得的黄杆菌属2个潜在新种有增强玉米幼苗适应盐碱胁迫的能力。

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