山东省 2010-2024 年审定水稻品种的特征分析
文献类型: 中文期刊
关键词: 山东;;水稻;;审定品种;;产量;;稻米品质;;稻瘟病抗性
期刊名称:中国种业
ISSN: 1671-895X
年卷期: 2025 年
页码:
收录情况: 农林核心(2024版)
摘要: 山东省 2010-2024 年共审定了 76 个水稻品种,其中常规粳稻 75 个,籼粳型三系杂交稻 1 个。山东省水稻区域试验 统一试验渠道审定品种 59 个,特殊用途组自主试验渠道审定品种 17 个。对 76 个审定品种的农艺性状、品质表现、稻瘟病抗 性以及推广应用情况进行了统计分析,结果表明,各品种间生育期、株高、产量及产量构成因素都有较大的变异,其中穗实粒数 变异系数最大,育种中应在适当穗数基础上追求大穗型,注重产量要素间的协调;审定品种的品质和抗性总体表现优良,其中 优质一级的品种 9 个,穗瘟损失率最高级 1 级的品种有 12 个,优质抗稻瘟病品种培育仍需加强。截至 2023 年 76 个品种中累 计推广面积在 1.3 万 hm2 及以上的品种仅有 10 个,有相当比例的审定品种不符合生产需求,大面积主推的突破性品种较少。 因此,后续应持续拓宽山东稻区育种的遗传基础,创制早熟、优质、高抗的骨干亲本,加强分子育种技术的应用,培育适于产业 化推广的优质多抗新品种,同时开发适宜的特用稻米品种,提升市场价值。
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