数字农科院2.0

有机肥替代化肥下土壤有机碳组分差异及其对细菌群落的影响

文献类型： 中文期刊

关键词： 有机肥;;有机碳分组;;13C-核磁共振（NMR）;;微生物多样性

期刊名称：生态学杂志

ISSN： 1000-4890

年卷期： 2025 年

页码：

收录情况： 北大核心（2023版） ; ; CSCD（2025-2026年度） ; ; 科技核心（2024版） ; ; 农林核心（2024版）

摘要： 有机碳组分和结构是影响土壤碳固持及微生物活性的关键因素，但目前对有机替代下土壤有机碳组分及结构影响土壤细菌群落组成等方面的研究还相对较少。本研究基于岳阳河潮土长期定位试验，设置不施肥（CK），单施化肥（NPK），猪粪不同比例替代化肥（30%M1+NPK，60%M1+NPK，M1）和菜籽饼肥不同比例替代化肥（30%M2+NPK，60%M2+NPK）7个处理，研究有机替代下土壤有机碳组分及结构的变化及其对细菌群落结构和多样性的影响。结果表明：与NPK处理相比，只有M1处理使可溶性有机碳（DOC），易氧化有机碳（ROC），微生物量碳（MBC），颗粒有机碳（POC）和矿物结合态有机碳（MAOC）含量均显著提高。M1处理较NPK处理显著降低了POC的烷氧碳比例，显著提高了烷基碳比例、烷基碳/烷氧碳比值和疏水指数，说明该处理下POC稳定性较强。与NPK处理相比，60%M1+NPK和M1处理显著提高了细菌的Chao、Ace和Shannon多样性指数，而30%和60%M2+NPK处理无显著影响。MBC含量和POC的芳香碳比例与细菌群落多样性呈显著正相关，MBC和MAOC含量对细菌群落组成的影响较大。综上，从维持土壤有机碳稳定性和促进微生物多样性来说，M1处理是最佳的施肥管理模式。该研究结果可为合理推荐有利于农业可持续发展的有机替代化肥模式提供理论支撑。

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