数字农科院2.0

农业害虫跨越渤海的迁飞规律与控制策略

文献类型： 中文期刊

作者： 周燕;张浩文;吴孔明

作者机构：

关键词： 农业害虫;;跨海迁飞;;群落结构;;迁飞模式;;生物学规律;;防控新策略

期刊名称：应用昆虫学报

ISSN： 2095-1353

年卷期： 2020 年 NULL 卷 2 期

页码： 233-243

收录情况： 北大核心（2020版） ; CSCD（2020-2021年度） ; 农林核心（2020版） ; 科技核心（2020版）

摘要： 迁飞是农业害虫适应环境变化、保障种群繁衍的季节性转移为害策略。受东亚季风气候的影响， 农业害虫在中国迁飞致灾问题十分严重。我们自 2003 年起，在农业昆虫自华北及其以南地区迁入东北地 区的必经之地，位于渤海中间的山东省长岛县北隍城岛（38º24′N；120º55′E），系统监测研究了迁飞昆虫 的种类组成、群落结构、种群动态、生理生化特征和季节性迁飞规律。研究表明，跨越渤海迁飞的昆虫种 类有 9 目 36 科 120 余种，以棉铃虫 Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)、粘虫 Mythimna separate (Walker)等鳞 翅目害虫为优势种类。多数种类呈现迁飞性昆虫的生理生化特征，春季和夏初种群多数个体卵巢发育成熟、 交配基本完成，显示迁飞末期的生殖特征，夏末和秋季种群卵巢尚未发育、交配率低，显示迁飞初期的生 殖特点。对迁飞路径的分析表明，迁飞类型可分为以亚洲玉米螟 Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner)和绿盲蝽 Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür)为代表的单个夜晚为主的近距离迁飞，其迁移距离多在 200 km 以内；以棉 铃虫 Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)和二点委夜蛾 Athetis lepigone (Möschler)为代表的 1-2 个夜晚为主的中 距离迁飞，其迁移距离多在 500 km 以内；以及以小地老虎 Agrotis ypsilon (Rottemberg)和粘虫 Mythimna separate (Walker)为代表的多个夜晚的远距离迁飞，其迁移距离多远于 500 km。文中基于这些害虫的迁飞 生物学特征和迁飞规律，提出了以“阻断成虫迁飞过程”为核心的防控策略。

分类号： S433

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