数字农科院2.0

玉米自然群体苗期耐盐性鉴定及耐盐相关基因分析

文献类型： 中文期刊

关键词： 玉米;;自交系;;耐盐性鉴定;;全基因组关联分析;;耐盐功能基因

期刊名称：中国农业科学

ISSN： 0578-1752

年卷期： 2025 年

页码：

收录情况： 北大核心（2023版） ; ; CSCD（2025-2026年度） ; ; 科技核心（2024版） ; ; 农林核心（2024版）

摘要： 【目的】土壤盐渍化严重影响玉米生长发育，导致其产量下降。研究不同玉米自交系材料耐盐性，挖掘玉米耐盐相关优异等位变异，为玉米耐盐性遗传改良提供重要的SNP位点信息及候选基因资源。【方法】以包含238份自交系的自然群体为材料，对生长20 d的玉米自交系幼苗（三叶期）进行300 mmol·L-1 NaCl溶液处理，盐胁迫处理40 d后调查其生物量、水分含量和盐害表型。通过全基因组关联分析（genome-wide association study,GWAS）挖掘玉米耐盐相关优异等位变异。【结果】通过对该玉米自然群体苗期进行耐盐性鉴定，依据盐害率将材料划分为5个耐盐等级：高耐盐材料（1级）22份、耐盐材料（2级）93份、中耐材料（3级）62份、盐敏感材料（4级）41份、高敏感材料（5级）20份。不同耐盐等级材料份数呈正态分布特征，高耐与高敏材料合计占比17.6%，中间等级材料占比82.4%。经统计分析，盐害率与盐胁迫条件下植株的鲜重、干重、水分含量呈显著负相关性，各调查指标离散程度大，材料间差异显著。通过全基因组关联分析，共鉴定出40个与玉米耐盐性相关的SNP位点。进一步分析发现，在第1和第10染色体中各存在一个与玉米耐盐性显著相关的SNP位点，分析这两个位点上下游100 kb置信区间的候选基因，在该区间含有18个功能基因，其中有9个具有功能注释的功能基因和9个未知基因。【结论】从238份玉米自交系自然群体材料中鉴选获得高耐盐材料（1级）22份。挖掘出40个与玉米苗期耐盐性相关的SNP位点，筛选出2个与玉米苗期耐盐性显著相关的关键SNP位点，获得2个耐盐相关的候选基因ZmSTYK46和Zm00001eb004810,ZmSTYK46编码丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶，Zm00001eb004810功能未知。

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