数字农科院2.0

洱海流域稻蒜轮作系统小农与规模经营户化肥N投入及成本效益研究

文献类型： 中文期刊

关键词： 小农;;规模经营;;成本收益;;化肥N投入;;洱海流域

期刊名称：中国农学通报

ISSN： 1000-6850

年卷期： 2018 年 第34卷 卷 第1期 期

页码：

收录情况： 农林核心（2020版） ; 科技核心（2020版）

摘要： 稻-蒜轮作模式下不合理施氮肥所引起的氮(N)素流失是造成洱海流域污染的主要原因，而小农普遍化肥 N投入过量。鼓励适度规模经营和转变生产方式已成为突破农业可持续发展瓶颈的发力点，越来越受到大家的关注和重视。笔者通过入户调研方式，考察了洱海流域水稻、大蒜种植散户和规模化经营农业组织在稻-蒜水旱轮作模式下生产成本效益与化肥 N养分投入情况。结果表明：洱海流域适度规模化的农业经营，不仅大大降低了生产中化肥 N养分的投入，从源头上预防农田面源污染，而且转变农业生产方式，积极采用环境友好型种植经营模式，如有机稻栽植、稻-鱼生态耕作模式和改变传统施肥方式，实现了面源污染风险防控，同时获得更高的收益，凸显了规模经营的优势。洱海流域规模化经营农业组织发展相对慢且数量少，需要各级政府全方位给予政策扶持。

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