数字农科院2.0

三江源7个糙毛以礼草植物学形态及遗传多样性分析

文献类型： 中文期刊

作者： 任建东;王晓醒;马晓岗;马瑞强;李长慧

作者机构：

关键词： 糙毛以礼草;穗部性状分析;核型分析;EST-SSR;种质资源;进化趋势;遗传距离

期刊名称：草业科学

ISSN： 1001-0629

年卷期： 2023 年 40 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： 北大核心（2020版） ; ; CSCD（2023-2024年度） ; ; 科技核心（2023版） ; ; 农林核心（2020版）

摘要： 通过对三江源地区的7份糙毛以礼草(Kengyilia hirsuta)穗部性状指标主成分分析、染色体组核型分析及标签-简单序列重复(EST-SSR)分子标记分析,旨在阐明糙毛以礼草种质的形态学差异及种质间遗传多样性,为牧草育种和麦类作物改良提供理论依据。结果表明:糙毛以礼草的不同穗部性状间的变异系数差异较大,其中桴毛的差异最大；在穗部大小及密度、小穗特征是引起差异的3个主成分,颖长、稃毛长、穗长、穗宽指标是造成糙毛以礼草形态性状差异的主要因素；海晏糙毛以礼草的种质内差异最大。7份糙毛以礼草种质均为六倍体,染色体数目为42条,中部着丝点染色体为主要染色体类型；在不同类型的着丝点染色体数目、有无随体上表现出了丰富的多态性；核型指标多样性丰富,其中贵德糙毛以礼草、海晏糙毛以礼草为2C型,其余种质均为2B型；共和糙毛以礼草进化程度最高,海晏糙毛以礼草次之,莫湘滩糙毛以礼草最低。在EST-SSR多样性分析中,海晏糙毛以礼草和刚察糙毛以礼草两个种质与其他种质遗传距离相对较远。

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