中国普通野生稻重要农艺性状的遗传多样性研究
文献类型: 中文期刊
关键词: 普通野生稻;;种质资源;;农艺性状;;遗传多样性
期刊名称:植物遗传资源学报
ISSN: 1672-1810
年卷期: 2020 年
页码:
收录情况: 北大核心(2020版) ; CSCD(2020-2021年度) ; 农林核心(2020版) ; 科技核心(2020版)
摘要: 普通野生稻(Oryza rufipogon Griff)是水稻(O. sativa L.)的野生近缘种,是水稻遗传改良的重要资源。本研究以 覆盖除云南外的中国普通野生稻分布区的 1777 份种质资源为对象,进行抽穗期、花药长度、粒长、粒宽和粒重等 5 个重要农 艺性状的遗传多样性、主成分和方差分析。结果表明,中国普通野生稻具有丰富的遗传多样性,抽穗期、花药长度、粒长、 粒宽和粒重的变异系数分别是 0.06、0.17、0.07、0.09 和 0.16,多样性指数分别是 1.30、1.47、1.45、1.39 和 1.33。主成 分分析表明第 1, 2 主成分主要与产量性状有关,累计贡献率达到 83.31%;第 3 主成分主要与抽穗期有关,前三个主成分的 累积贡献率约为 95%。主成分分析结合聚类分析,发现普通野生稻群体可以分成 3 个类群,类群 1 主要来自江西和湖南,类 群 2 主要来自于广西和广东大部分区域和福建,类群 3 主要来自于海南和广东南部区域的湛江市,样品的聚类关系和地理位 置成正相关。以地理群为因素对 5 个重要农艺性状进行方差分析,结果显示花药长度、抽穗期和粒长变异在不同地理群间的 变异占总变异的比例分别为 69.09%、57.98%和 77.56%,而粒宽变异所占比例为 6.20%,花药长度,抽穗期和粒长变异在普通 野生稻地理群间差异起决定作用
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