中国农田地膜残留等级划分标准探析与构建
文献类型: 中文期刊
关键词: 地膜残留;;污染危害;;划分标准;;等级;;基准值
期刊名称:农业环境科学学报
ISSN: 1672-2043
年卷期: 2025 年
页码:
收录情况: 北大核心(2023版) ; ; CSCD(2025-2026年度) ; ; 科技核心(2024版) ; ; 农林核心(2024版)
摘要: 地膜作为农业生产的重要物质资料,其广泛应用显著提高了我国农业生产力并推动了生产方式变革。然而受聚乙烯地膜难 降解特性、地膜不合理使用及回收体系不健全等综合因素影响,农田地膜残留污染问题日益严重。本研究以农田地膜残留累积危害 为切入点,通过微宇宙实验和大数据分析相结合的方法,系统探究了地膜残留对农田土壤环境、农作物生长状况、农产品产量等方 面的主要影响;提出以农田地膜残留量为度量依据,以地膜残留污染效应为界定指标,建立了我国农田地膜累积残留等级划分标准。 根据地膜残留特点与污染界值,农田多年累积地膜残留量为年用地膜量的 30%为清洁级界限,并以清洁级界限值的倍数划定一级到 四级的累积阈值,划分标准为:清洁级(残留量≤30 kg·hm-2)、一级(轻度累积,30 kg·hm-2<残留量≤90 kg·hm-2)、二级(中度累积, 90 kg·hm-2<残留量≤150 kg·hm-2)、三级(重度累积,150 kg·hm-2<残留量≤240 kg·hm-2)和四级(极重度累积,残留量>240 kg·hm-2)。 地膜残留农田等级划分标准的建立,为量化表征农田地膜残留累积现状及发展趋势,科学管理地膜残留污染农田提供了技术支撑。
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