数字农科院2.0

Integrated meta-omics reveals AFB1 dose-dependent remodeling of the rumen microbiome-virome-metabolome axis driving metabolic impairment in goats

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Li, Fucan;Yan, Ming;Su, Donghua;Peng, Jing;Wang, Xi;Hao, Jingjing;Ma, Tao;Lin, Yaqiu;Shi, Haitao

作者机构：

关键词： Aflatoxins;Metagenome;Untargeted metabolomics;Saanen goats

期刊名称： MICROBIOME

ISSN： 2049-2618

年卷期： 2025 年 14 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版）

摘要： BackgroundAflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a highly carcinogenic and hepatotoxic mycotoxin frequently contaminating animal feed, presents serious health risks to both humans and livestock. Although AFB1's hepatotoxicity and other organ damage are extensively characterized, how this mycotoxin influences ruminal microbiota dynamics and functional activities in ruminants remains underexplored. Although some studies suggest that AFB1 reduces nutrient digestibility and performance in ruminants, the underlying mechanisms are unclear.To aid in developing effective mitigation strategies for aflatoxicosis in ruminants, this study randomly divided Saanen goats into three groups. The CON group received the standard ration without additives, whereas LD and HD groups were provided identical basal diets fortified with 50 or 500 mu g/kg AFB1. Throughout the study, alterations in ruminal fermentation parameters, microbiome, and metabolome profiles were analyzed.BackgroundAflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a highly carcinogenic and hepatotoxic mycotoxin frequently contaminating animal feed, presents serious health risks to both humans and livestock. Although AFB1's hepatotoxicity and other organ damage are extensively characterized, how this mycotoxin influences ruminal microbiota dynamics and functional activities in ruminants remains underexplored. Although some studies suggest that AFB1 reduces nutrient digestibility and performance in ruminants, the underlying mechanisms are unclear.To aid in developing effective mitigation strategies for aflatoxicosis in ruminants, this study randomly divided Saanen goats into three groups. The CON group received the standard ration without additives, whereas LD and HD groups were provided identical basal diets fortified with 50 or 500 mu g/kg AFB1. Throughout the study, alterations in ruminal fermentation parameters, microbiome, and metabolome profiles were analyzed.ResultsWith increasing AFB1 levels, ruminal pH, the concentration of total volatile fatty acids (VFA), acetate, and propionate decreased quadratically, while butyrate decreased linearly. Metagenomic profiling indicated suppressed populations of Pelagibacter and Flavobacterium following AFB1 exposure, contrasting with promoted growth of Cryptobacteroides. Additionally, seven carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), specifically GT92, GT20, CE7, GT32, GT35, GT57, and GT50, were found to be more prevalent in the rumen of the CON group. Statistically higher viral loads characterized the HD group when benchmarked against CON group. Metabolomics analysis identified 1197 differential metabolites among the CON, LD, and HD groups, including cytochalasin Ppho and chrysophanol, both known for their teratogenic properties and their ability to induce cell death.ConclusionsThis study indicates that dietary AFB1 exposure can alter the ruminal microbial and metabolomic profiles, induce prophage activation, and impact carbohydrate degradation and microbial protein turnover. These alterations may contribute to reductions in ruminal pH and volatile fatty acid concentrations, thereby impairing feed digestibility and animal performance. The findings provide valuable insights into AFB1's effects on rumen health, and further investigations of these metabolic pathways may help develop precision interventions to mitigate AFB1-induced rumen dysfunction and productivity losses. 8qPu22jk4LvaWBchs4asB8Video AbstractConclusionsThis study indicates that dietary AFB1 exposure can alter the ruminal microbial and metabolomic profiles, induce prophage activation, and impact carbohydrate degradation and microbial protein turnover. These alterations may contribute to reductions in ruminal pH and volatile fatty acid concentrations, thereby impairing feed digestibility and animal performance. The findings provide valuable insights into AFB1's effects on rumen health, and further investigations of these metabolic pathways may help develop precision interventions to mitigate AFB1-induced rumen dysfunction and productivity losses.8qPu22jk4LvaWBchs4asB8Video Abstract

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