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Camel Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Functional Food Component Ameliorate Hypobaric Hypoxia-Induced Colonic Injury Through Microbiota–Metabolite Crosstalk

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Hui Yang;Demtu Er;Yu Huan Wang;Bin Tao Zhai;Rili Ge

作者机构：

关键词： camel milk extracellular vesicles (CM-EVs);colonic injury;gut microbiota;high-altitude hypoxia;metabolome

期刊名称： Nutrients

ISSN： 2072-6643

年卷期： 2025 年 17 卷 15 期

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版）

摘要： Background/Objectives: This study investigates the therapeutic potential of camel milk-derived extracellular vesicles (CM-EVs) for treating colonic damage caused by high-altitude hypoxia, supporting the WHO’s “Food as Medicine” initiative. Methods: Using a 5500 m mouse model, researchers induced colonic injury and treated it with oral CM-EVs for 15 days, comparing results to whole camel milk. Results: CM-EVs outperformed whole milk, significantly improving colon health by restoring barrier integrity and reducing disease activity index (DAI) (p < 0.01). They boosted beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and decreased Enterobacteriaceae (p < 0.01). Metabolic analysis showed restored bile acid balance and amino acid modulation via the FXR/NF-κB pathway, reducing TLR4/MyD88-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress (p < 0.01). Fecal microbiota transplantation in the CM-EVs group notably decreased DAI and increased colon length (p < 0.05). Conclusions: CM-EVs repair mucosal damage, balance microbiota, and regulate metabolism to combat hypoxia-induced colonic damage, suggesting their potential as nutraceuticals and altitude-adaptive foods. This showcases nanotechnology’s role in enhancing traditional dietary benefits via precision nutrition.

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