数字农科院2.0

Scaphopoda is the sister taxon to Bivalvia: Evidence of ancient incomplete lineage sorting

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Hao Song;Yunan Wang;Haojing Shao;Zhuoqing Li;Pinli Hu;Meghan K. Yap-Chiongco;Pu Shi;Tao Zhang;Cui Li;Yiguan Wang;Peizhen Ma;Jakob Vinther;Haiyan Wang;Kevin M. Kocot

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关键词： Cambrian explosion;incomplete lineage sorting;mollusc fossils;mollusc phylogeny;Scaphopoda

期刊名称： Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

ISSN： 1091-6490

年卷期： 2023 年 120 卷 40 期

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收录情况： SCIE（2023版）

摘要： The almost simultaneous emergence of major animal phyla during the early Cambrian shaped modern animal biodiversity. Reconstructing evolutionary relationships among such closely spaced branches in the animal tree of life has proven to be a major challenge, hindering understanding of early animal evolution and the fossil record. This is particularly true in the species-rich and highly varied Mollusca where dramatic inconsistency among paleontological, morphological, and molecular evidence has led to a long-standing debate about the group's phylogeny and the nature of dozens of enigmatic fossil taxa. A critical step needed to overcome this issue is to supplement available genomic data, which is plentiful for well-studied lineages, with genomes from rare but key lineages, such as Scaphopoda. Here, by presenting chromosome-level genomes from both extant scaphopod orders and leveraging complete genomes spanning Mollusca, we provide strong support for Scaphopoda as the sister taxon of Bivalvia, revitalizing the morphology-based Diasoma hypothesis originally proposed 50 years ago. Our molecular clock analysis confidently dates the split between Bivalvia and Scaphopoda at ~520 Ma, prompting a reinterpretation of controversial laterally compressed Early Cambrian fossils, including Anabarella, Watsonella, and Mellopegma, as stem diasomes. Moreover, we show that incongruence in the phylogenetic placement of Scaphopoda in previous phylogenomic studies was due to ancient incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) that occurred during the rapid radiation of Conchifera. Our findings highlight the need to consider ILS as a potential source of error in deep phylogeny reconstruction, especially in the context of the unique nature of the Cambrian Explosion.

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