数字农科院2.0

Nitrogen-shaped microbiotas with nutrient competition accelerate early-stage residue decomposition in agricultural soils

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Meiling Zhang;Liyu Zhang;Jing Li;Shuyu Huang;Shiyu Wang;Yuanzheng Zhao;Wei Zhou;Chao Ai

作者机构：

关键词： 秸秆还田

期刊名称： Nature Communications

ISSN： 2041-1723

年卷期： 2025 年 16 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版）

摘要： Plant residue decomposition is critical for carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Nitrogen (N) availability alters this process through orchestrating the microbial community, yet the mechanisms remain elusive. By investigating the wheat residue decomposition process and the microbial succession under different N input levels in agricultural fields, we find that higher N availability accelerates residue breakdown mainly at the early stage by promoting the rapid colonization of a soil-derived microbial consortium with key interactions. Metabolic potential evaluations show that the Bacillus decomposers harbor diverse carbohydrate-active enzymes that degrade cellulose and hemicellulose, whereas the non-decomposer Staphylococcus sciuri efficiently transports and consumes downstream sugar products. Synthetic communities combined with omics techniques confirm that the N-enriched non-decomposer S. sciuri restricts the growth of weak decomposers through sugar depletion, thereby restructuring the community dominated by strong decomposers. This shift increases the residue decomposition rate by 16.77% under N fertilization. Our results highlight the important role of usually overlooked fast-growing non-decomposers in agricultural soil carbon cycling.

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