数字农科院2.0

Molecular dissection of large-spike trait in wheat revealing stable QTLs and REGULATOR OF GRAIN NUMBER1 as targets for yield improvement

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Jiang, Yujie;Wang, Haoran;Ma, Yanming;Liu, Junxian;Chen, Zhaoyan;Dong, Chaoqun;Liu, Xiangqing;Wang, Xincheng;Wang, Yiqing;Li, Sufang;Yao, Yingyin;Xin, Mingming;Ni, Zhongfu;Peng, Huiru;Sun, Qixin;Ye, Xingguo;Liu, Jie

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期刊名称： THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS

ISSN： 0040-5752

年卷期： 2025 年 138 卷 11 期

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收录情况： SCIE（2025版） ; ; EI（2025版）

摘要： Key messageThis study reveals a pleiotropic QTL QPh/Sl/Sn.cau-2D.1 coordinating plant architecture and spike morphology in wheat, and identifies REGULATOR OF GRAIN NUMBER1 (TaRGN-D1) as a key regulator of spikelet number, providing molecular targets and diagnostic markers for yield improvement.AbstractSpike architecture traits, particularly spike length (SL) and spikelet number per spike (SN), are crucial determinants of grain yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), while plant height (PH) independently affects lodging resistance, harvest index and final yield potential. Through comprehensive genetic analysis of a recombinant inbred line population derived from AS420 (large-spike line) x Lunxuan987 (LX987, modern cultivar), we identified 36 spike-specific QTLs (22 for SL and 14 for SN) with 22 showing environments stability, and 12 additional PH QTLs with 13 showing environmental stability, using 55 K SNP genotyping across six environments. A pleiotropic locus (QPh/Sl/Sn.cau-2D.1) on chromosome 2DS co-regulated PH, SL and SN (8.4-19.75% phenotypic variance (PVE)), and a 2,089-bp deletion on Ppd-D1 promoter was identified as the causal variant. In addition, we characterized REGULATOR OF GRAIN NUMBER1 (TaRGN-D1, TraesCS3D02G265100), encoding R2R3-MYB transcription factor, as the candidate gene for a major SN QTL QSn.cau-3D (6.5% PVE). Functional studies revealed a stronger transcriptional activation by the AS420-derived TaRGN-D1 promoter compared to LX987, correlating with elevated expression during spike development. Field validation confirmed the positive effect of TaRGN-D1 on SN without altering PH. Our findings not only identify new QTLs for wheat molecular breeding of high-yielding purpose, but also deepen our genetic comprehension on PH, SL, and SN regulation in this crop, thereby laying a valuable foundation for future wheat improvement strategies.

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