数字农科院2.0

Plastome data provides new insights into population differentiation and evolution of Ginkgo in the Sichuan Basin of China

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Nie, Liyun;Liu, Fangling;Wang, Meixia;Jiang, Zhuying;Kong, Jiali;Tembrock, Luke R.;Kan, Shenglong;Wang, Penghao;Wang, Jie;Wu, Zhiqiang;Liu, Xiaoli

作者机构：

关键词： （1-2-2）Living fossil evolution;Ginkgo biloba;Plastome diversity;Glacial refugia;Population genetics;Conservation

期刊名称： BMC PLANT BIOLOGY

ISSN： 1471-2229

年卷期： 2025 年 25 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版）

摘要： BackgroundGinkgo biloba L., an iconic living fossil, challenges traditional views of evolutionary stasis. While nuclear genomic studies have revealed population structure across China, the evolutionary patterns reflected in maternally inherited plastomes remain unclear, particularly in the Sichuan Basin - a potential glacial refugium that may have played a crucial role in Ginkgo's persistence.ResultsAnalysis of 227 complete plastomes, including 81 newly sampled individuals from the Sichuan Basin, revealed three distinct maternal lineages differing from known nuclear genome patterns. We identified 170 sequence variants and extensive RNA editing (235 sites) with a bias toward hydrophobic amino acid conversions, suggesting active molecular evolution. A previously undocumented haplotype (IIA2), predominant in western Sichuan Basin populations, showed close genetic affinity with rare refugial haplotypes. Western populations exhibited higher haplotypic diversity and distinctive genetic structure, supporting the basin's role as both glacial refugium and corridor for population expansion. Ancient trees (314-784 years) provided evidence for interaction between natural processes and historical human dispersal in shaping current genetic patterns.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate substantial genetic diversity within Sichuan Basin Ginkgo populations and reveal dynamic molecular evolution through plastome variation and RNA editing patterns, challenging the notion of evolutionary stasis in this living fossil. This study provides crucial genomic resources for understanding Ginkgo's evolution and informs conservation strategies for this endangered species.

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