数字农科院2.0

Influence of the system of rice intensification on rice yield and nitrogen and water use efficiency with different N application rates

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Zhao, Limei;Wu, Lianghuan;Lu, Xinghua;Zhao, Limei;Li, Yongshan;Zhu, Defeng;Uphoff, Norman

作者机构：

关键词： Oryza sativa;rice;intensive cropping;grain yield;harvest index;dry matter accumulation;irrigation water;water use efficiency;nitrogen;nutrient use efficiency;nutrient uptake;nitrogen fertilizers;fertilizer rates;field experimentation;China

期刊名称： EXPERIMENTAL AGRICULTURE

ISSN：

年卷期：

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Field experiments were conducted in 2005 and 2006 to investigate the impacts of alternative rice cultivation systems on grain yield, water productivity, N uptake and N use efficiency (ANUE, agronomic N use efficiency; PFP, partial factor productivity of applied N). The trials compared the practices used with the system of rice intensification (SRI) and traditional flooding (TF). The effects of different N application rates (0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha-1) and of N rates interacting with the cultivation system were also evaluated. Resulting grain yields with SRI ranged from 5.6 to 7.3 t ha-1, and from 4.1 to 6.4 t ha-1 under TF management. On average, grain yields under SRI were 21% higher in 2005 and 22% higher in 2006 than with TF. Compared with TF, SRI plots had higher harvest index across four fertilizer N rates in both years. However, there was no significance difference in above-ground biomass between two cultivation systems in either year. ANUE was increased significantly under SRI at 80 kg N ha-1 compared with TF, while at higher N application rates, ANUE with SRI was significantly lower than TF. Compared with TF, PFP under SRI was higher across all four N rates in both years, although the difference at 240 kg N ha-1 was not significant. As N rate increased, the ANUE and PFP under both SRI and TF significantly decreased. Reduction in irrigation water use with SRI was 40% in 2005 and 47% in 2006, and water use efficiency, both total and from irrigation, were significantly increased compared to TF. With both SRI and TF, the highest N application was associated with decreases in grain yield, N use efficiency and water use efficiency. This is an important finding given current debates whether N application rates in China are above the optimum, especially considering consequences for soil and water resources. Cultivation system, N rates and their interactions all produced significant differences in this study. Results confirmed that optimizing fertilizer N application rates under SRI is important to increase yield, N use efficiency and water use efficiency.

分类号： S

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