数字农科院2.0

Small- and medium-sized seeds are more conducive to achieving high soybean yield due to the outstanding seedling survival and yield formation characteristics

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： 华建鑫;;;;朱玉鹏;;李瑞东;;;;吴宗声;;;;徐一帆;;;;孙石;;;;徐彩龙;;;;宋雯雯;;吴存祥

关键词： soybean; seed size; germination; puncture resistance; yield

期刊名称： Journal of Integrative Agriculture

ISSN： 2095-3119

年卷期： 2025 年

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版） ; ; CSCD（2025-2026年度） ; ; 科技核心（2024版） ; ; 农林核心（2024版）

摘要： The Huang-Huai-Hai (HHH) region, China’s second-largest soybean production area, uses highintensity farming and tailored densification strategies to maximize yields. Although the average yield of soybean in HHH region is the highest in China, there is still a yield-gap with the world average yield. Ensuring adequate soybean plant population is a prerequisite for high yield. Seed size is vital in germination, seedling emergence, and population establishment, especially for soybean crops that rely on cotyledons to break through the soil. In the present study, the differences of germination, emergence, growth and yield formation of soybean seeds with different particle sizes were analyzed through three years of experiments. The seeds of Zhonghuang 13 (ZH13) and Zhonghuang 301 (ZH301) were divided into three different particle sizes (i.e., 6.5–7.0, 7.0–7.5, and 7.5–8.0 mm), respectively. Seeds sized 6.5–7.0 mm achieved the highest yields: ZH13 yielded 3,908.7 kg ha-1, 4.1–12.0% higher than other sizes, and ZH301 yielded 4,193.9 kg ha-1, 5.2–12.7% higher. The two soybean varieties' highest harvest densities were both found in the 6.5–7.0 mm seed size treatment, followed by 7.0–7.5 and 7.5–8.0 mm. The main reason is that the seedling emergence rates of the seeds with 6.5–7.0 mm size were significantly higher than other sizes. In the process of seed imbibition, compared to the large-size seeds (7.5–8.0 mm), the water absorption of small- and medium-size seeds was less, while the speed was faster. The smaller particle-sized seeds exhibited superior puncture resistance when breaking through the soil. In addition, significantly negatively relationship was found between emergence rate and seed weight under the insufficient water condition. This study showed that selecting small to medium-sized seeds can enhances germination, population density, and yield under arid and semi-arid conditions, providing a practical strategy for boosting the HHH region’s soybean productivity.

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