数字农科院2.0

The over-estimation of long-term mineral fertilizer on CO2 release from soil carbonates

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Jie Zhou;Guodong Shao;Lili Li;Xiao Yang;Kazem Zamanian;Sulaiman Almwarai Alharbi;Ekaterina Filimonenko;Enke Liu;Xurong Mei;Yakov Kuzyakov

作者机构：

关键词： Cropland management;Pedogenic carbonates;Soil CO2 efflux;Stable C isotopes

期刊名称： Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment

ISSN： 0167-8809

年卷期： 2025 年 392 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版）

摘要： Soil inorganic carbon (SIC) contributes up to half to the soil carbon (C) stock globally and is especially crucial in arid and semi-arid zones. Widespread soil acidification due to fertilization neutralize carbonates getting an irrecoverable net source of CO2 out of SIC. Nevertheless, SIC is generally neglected as a CO2 source and disregarded in the C balance between soil and atmosphere. A 40-year fertilization field experiment provides an excellent option to investigate the influences of mineral and organic fertilizers on carbonate-derived CO2 efflux by partitioning CO2 sources using the δ13C signature. Although 40 years of mineral fertilizers caused soil acidification and SIC neutralization, SIC-derived CO2 was comparable with that from the control soils. This could be explained by that mineral fertilizer decreased soil-derived CO2 production and the partial pressure of soil CO2, which led to the weak reduction of SIC dissolution in the long term. Thus, the annual contribution of SIC-derived CO2 to total CO2 under long-term mineral fertilization may look as of minor importance. Organic fertilizers (manure, straw) reduced the proportional contribution of SIC-derived CO₂ by 16–42 % relative to controls, despite elevating total CO₂ emissions by 5.4–9.1 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹. This divergence stems from Ca²⁺ inputs during organic matter decomposition, which catalyzed CO₂ reprecipitation as pedogenic carbonates, decoupling dissolution from atmospheric release. Crucially, manure amendments achieved net soil C sequestration (0.47 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹). In contrast, straw-induced SIC losses (2.0 Mg C ha⁻¹ over 40 years) negated 52 % of SOC gains, yielding marginal net sequestration (2.4 ± 1.7 Mg C ha⁻¹). These results underscore the imperative to evaluate SIC-SOC interactions when assessing the climate efficiency of organic management. SIC-derived CO₂ efflux fluctuated seasonally, peaking during the flowering phase (19–35 % of total emissions), then declining by 5.0–9.7 %. This temporal decoupling highlights rhizosphere activity as a key regulator of SIC. Ignoring SIC contributions led to a 35 % overestimation of heterotrophic respiration in total CO₂ efflux, illustrating systemic biases in current C models. Our findings advocate for manure-based management to maximize C sequestration not as SOC but as SIC and to minimize CO2 emissions from SIC, a dual strategy to reconcile agricultural productivity with climate resilience in semi-arid regions.

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