数字农科院2.0

Optimizing harvest aid applications for mechanical cotton harvesting: A meta-analysis of defoliation–yield trade-offs driven by crop physiology and environmental factors

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Zhenwang Zhang;Yukun Wang;Xinghua Yu;Keke Yu;Huijie Hou;Qinghua Liao;Kexin Li;Zhijie Shi;Jianxin Dong;Guodong Chen;Sumei Wan;Shanwei Lou;Mingfeng Yang;Fangjun Li;Mingwei Du ;Xiaoli Tian;Zhaohu Li

关键词： Cotton;Defoliation;Yield;Sink–source ratio;Boll opening rate;Rainfall

期刊名称： FIELD CROPS RESEARCH

ISSN： 0378-4290

年卷期： 2025 年

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版）

摘要： Context: Harvest aids are widely used in mechanical cotton harvesting to improve defoliation and yield. However, the effects of environmental factors, cotton canopy structure, and management practices on these outcomes have not been systematically quantified. Methodology: We conducted a meta-analysis of 51 studies, using data from over 1130 observations of defoliation and 405 yield measurements and a two-year sink-source field experiment to assess the effects on cotton defoliation and yield. Additionally, XGBoost and SHAP analysis were applied to identify key factors influencing cotton defoliation and yield. Results: Compared to the control (only water), harvest aids increased defoliation and cotton yield by 88.6 % and 3.7 %, respectively, suggesting that the critical threshold for determining the optimal mechanical harvesting window is at a defoliation rate of 88.6 %. Thidiazuron-ethephon showed the highest performance, particularly at application rates of 2500–3000 mL/ha. Collectively, a pre-spray sink–source ratio of 0.30–0.55, boll opening rate > 55 %, post-spray rainfall ≤ 10 mm, and average humidity > 50 % significantly improved cotton defoliation and yield. Partial least square path modeling indicated that the cotton canopy structure before spraying (sink–source ratio and boll opening rate) was significantly positively correlated with defoliation (0.39) and yield (0.16), whereas rainfall was significantly negatively correlated with defoliation (− 0.24) and yield (− 0.36). Metaregression and SHAP analysis revealed that the weather and cotton canopy structure before spraying jointly affect cotton defoliation and yield after defoliant application. XGBoost had good predictive ability for defoliation (R2 > 0.8, RMSE < 15 %) and yield (R2 > 0.6, RMSE < 10 %). Conclusion: Appropriate harvest aid selection under reasonable cotton strain configurations and post-application environmental conditions is a win–win for defoliation and yield and provides insights for reasonably adjusting harvest aid application for sustainable agriculture.

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