数字农科院2.0

Field-based evaluation of sugarcane bagasse biochar for managing root-knot nematodes in tomato

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Maria Fayyaz;Amjad Abbas;Usman Arshad;Farrukh Azeem;Faiz Ahmad Joyia;Abdelaziz Hajjaji;Muhammad Amjad Ali

作者机构：

关键词： Biochar;Biochemical characterization;Fruit quality;Gene expression;RKN;Tomato

期刊名称： Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology

ISSN： 0885-5765

年卷期： 2025 年 139 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版）

摘要： Root-knot nematodes (RKN) from Meloidogyne genus cause significant yield losses in tomato crops globally. Chemical nematicides used to control them could be detrimental to the human beings and the environment. Therefore, the present study was designed to manage RKN infestations in tomatoes by using biochar developed from sugarcane bagasse. Sugarcane bagasse-derived biochar (SC-BC) pyrolyzed at 300 °C amended in the soil at 30g per plant significantly reduced RKN infection compared to the control. Plants treated with biochar and nematodes (BC + N+) showed a 76.3 % reduction in galling index compared to nematode-only plants. Root galling was significantly higher in nematode-only plants (mean GI = 4.7) than in BC + N+ (mean GI = 1.1). The current findings indicate that the 30 g per plant sugarcane bagasse biochar, tested in the field showed promising results. This treatment increased plant height, a higher quantity of fruit, and a reduction in nematode populations compared to the control group. This study analyzed fruit quality traits, including moisture content, crude protein, crude fiber, crude ash, nitrogen, nitrogen-free extract (NFE), and Vitamin C. While moisture content, crude ash, nitrogen, NFE, and crude protein remained unchanged in all treatments. Biochar-treated plants exhibited 28 % higher shoot biomass, and 24 % more fruit yield compared to untreated nematode-infected plants. The chemical control produced similar yields but lacked improvements in plant vigor. Crude fiber and vitamin C levels were highest in the nematode-only group, likely as a stress-induced metabolic response. BC+N+ treatment restored nutrient balance and improved fruit firmness and sugar content. The study revealed that sugarcane bagasse in nematode-infested treatment (BC-N+) activated defence-related genes in tomato plants, where both JERF-3 and PR-1 genes were upregulated significantly (17.65 and 7.46 folds, respectively) in roots of tomato compared to control. Biochemical enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), total phenolic compounds (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) were higher in biochar (BC + N- and BC + N+) treated plants in both roots and shoots. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm) indicated improved photosystem II efficiency in BC+N+ plants under nematode stress, approaching levels seen in the non-infected control (BC-N-). The present study found that using 30g per plant sugarcane BC effectively managed RKN, boosted plant biomass, and potentially activated defence mechanisms in tomatoes.

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