数字农科院2.0

Genetic Determinants and Breeding Strategies for Rice Cooking and Eating Quality: A Comprehensive Review

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： 楼光明;;;;付沛;;;;高浩洲;;;;李旻祺;;;;石桓;;;;刘荣家;;;;李艳华;;;;周浩;;;;夏朵;;;;王跃星;;;;高冠军;;;;何予卿

作者机构：

关键词： breeding strategies;;cooking and eating quality ;;starch ;;protein ;; lipid ;; rice

期刊名称： PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL

ISSN： 1467-7644

年卷期： 2025 年

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版）

摘要： Rice cooking and eating quality (CEQ), a core agronomic trait tied to consumer preference and market value, is regulated by endosperm starch, protein, and lipid metabolism; this review synthesizes advances in its molecular mechanisms, focus-ing on genetic determinants and regulatory networks of storage substances. Starch is key: the Wx gene (central hub) has ≥ 9 allelic variants (e.g., Wxᵃ in indica, Wxᵇ in japonica, new Wxᵉˡa), modulating amylose content (AC) via GBSSI activity, Wx gene expression levels, splicing efficiency, etc., and exerting pleiotropic effects on pro-tein/lipid metabolism, grain transparency, and taste; storage proteins (80% glutelin) harm CEQ by inhibiting starch gelatinization, regulated by relevant gene families and vesicular pathways (e.g., Rab5a-VPS9a); lipids (0.3%–3% of endosperm) affect Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA) profiles and aroma via genes like OsFAD, PDCT, FGC3; modules (e.g., OsNF-Ys, OsbZIP60, Ghd7-OsNAC42) balance starch-protein accu-mulation. Breeding strategies include marker-assisted selection (via Wxᵐᵖ), CRISPR/Cas9 editing of Wx elements or glutelin genes, gene pyramiding (Wx, ALK, GS3), and AI-integrated intelligent breeding to boost efficiency; the review first proposes a framework: "Wx genotype determination – amylopectin/glutelin regula-tion – CEQ improvement", and the establishment of this framework is rooted in the core role of the Wx gene in determining rice eating quality, which is achieved through its pleiotropic regulation of starch, protein, and lipid metabolism in the en-dosperm. Future directions: use Wx allelic diversity, decipher multi-omics modules (e.g., RNA methylation in starch metabolism), and integrate aroma, Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE), grain shape, chalkiness, sugar transport genes to balance yield and CEQ, aiding "Green Super Rice" development.

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