数字农科院2.0

Achieving synergistic improvements in maize yield and nitrogen use sustainability through a novel high-density production system enabled by precision stage-specific regulation

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Liang Fang;Dongping Shen;Zhen Wang;Linli Zhou;Tingting Zhang;Guoqiang Zhang;Jun Xue;Ruizhi Xie;Peng Hou;Keru Wang;Bo Ming;Ling Gou;Shaokun Li

作者机构：

关键词： High-density cultivation;Linear response;Maize;Nitrous oxide emissions;Precision stage-specific regulation;Sustainable intensification

期刊名称： European Journal of Agronomy

ISSN： 1161-0301

年卷期： 2026 年 175 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版）

摘要： Confronted with the dual imperatives of ensuring food security and reducing environmental pollution in China's intensive agricultural systems, this study proposes and validates an innovative crop management paradigm: a High-Density Production System enabled by Precision Stage-Specific Regulation (HD-PSR). Based on a three-year field experiment spanning a wide nitrogen (N) application gradient (0–765 kg N ha⁻¹), we assessed the effects of N rate on grain yield, nitrogen partial factor productivity (PFPN), plant N dynamics (uptake, distribution, and remobilization), soil residual N, and nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions. The results show that the system achieved a clear yield plateau of 14.7–16.5 t ha⁻¹ at 243.8–306.4 kg N ha⁻¹, while sustaining efficient internal N uptake and remobilization, providing a strong physiological basis for high yield. Simultaneously, the system markedly reduced the direct N₂O emission factor to a consistently low range of 0.3 %–0.9 %, well below the IPCC default. Notably, both cumulative N₂O emissions and the emission factor exhibited a strictly linear relationship with N application rate, in contrast to the exponential increases widely reported under conventional fertilization. This linearity is attributed to split application, which prevents the accumulation of soil mineral N that typically triggers microbial N₂O emission pulses. A comprehensive benefit index identified approximately 289 kg N ha⁻¹ as the synergistic optimum for high yield and low emissions. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that HD-PSR—through deep integration of high-density planting with whole-season, physiology-oriented precision regulation—can simultaneously enhance grain yield and nitrogen-use sustainability, offering a practical systemic pathway for the sustainable intensification of cereal production.

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