数字农科院2.0

Optimizing fertilization depth for yield improvement and ammonia mitigation in double-cropping rice

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： 蓝贤瑾;;宋大利;;周卫;;吕真真;;冀建华;;侯红乾;;肖敬尚;;刘益仁;;刘秀梅;;孙刚;;刘光荣;;周春火

关键词： Fertilization depth; Ammonia emission; Double-cropping paddy filed; Nitrogen use efficiency

期刊名称： FIELD CROPS RESEARCH

ISSN： 0378-4290

年卷期： 2025 年

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版）

摘要： Context: Ammonia (NH3) volatilization is the dominant pathway of nitrogen (N) loss in paddy fields. Deep fertilization (DF) at an appropriate depth can achieve optimum crop yield potential with less N loss. However, it is unclear whether modifying fertilization depth could reduce the NH3 volatilization and improving the yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) in double-cropping paddy field. Objective and methods: To address this gap, we conducted a two-year field experiment (2022–2024) in a subtropical area of southern China and systematically analyzed the effects of different fertilization depths on NH3 volatilization, crop growth, grain yield, NUE and net economic benefits (NEB) in early- and late-rice season. A blank without fertilizer application (control) and five fertilizer application depths [0 cm (BF), 2.5 cm (DF-2.5), 5 cm (DF-5), 7.5 cm (DF-7.5), and 10 cm (DF-10)] with three replicates were investigated. Results: The results showed that DF practices significantly reduced NH3 volatilization of early- and late-rice season with 49.7 %–79.4 % and 29.3 %–65.4 %, respectively, by decreasing floodwater pH and NH4 +-N concentration compared to BF treatment. The cumulative NH3 volatilization decreased with increasing fertilization depth according to a quadratic function. Moreover, DF treatments improved grain development and productive panicle formation by enhancing the aboveground biomass accumulation and N uptake during heading to harvest stage. The rice grain yield and NEB were increased with increasing fertilization depth from 0 to 7.5 cm in both seasons and the best rice productivity and NEB were achieved with a depth of 7.5 cm. In addition, DF-7.5 had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher NUE than DF-5 and DF-10 in both years, with increases of 10.1 %–31.8 % and 6.1 %–16.8 %, respectively. Conclusions and implications: Overall, these results showed N fertilizer application at a depth of 7.5 cm in the double-cropping paddy of southern China was effective in reducing N loss via the NH3 volatilization, promoting rice growth and improving grain yield, NUE, and NEB. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for the optimization of fertilization strategies to enable sustainable rice production in the subtropical region.

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