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Toxic effects of acaricide fenazaquin on development, hemolymph metabolome, and gut microbiome of honeybee (Apis mellifera) larvae

文献类型: 外文期刊

作者: Jiangli Wu;Fengying Liu;Jiajing Sun;Qiaohong Wei;Weipeng Kang;Feng Wang;Chenhuan Zhang;Meijiao Zhao;Shufa Xu;Bin Han

作者机构:

关键词: Energy metabolism;Fenazaquin;Gut microbiota;Hemolymph metabolome;Honeybee;Larval development

期刊名称: Chemosphere

ISSN: 0045-6535

年卷期: 2024 年 358 卷

页码:

收录情况: SCIE(2024版) ; ; EI(2024版)

摘要: Fenazaquin, a potent insecticide widely used to control phytophagous mites, has recently emerged as a potential solution for managing Varroa destructor mites in honeybees. However, the comprehensive impact of fenazaquin on honeybee health remains insufficiently understood. Our current study investigated the acute and chronic toxicity of fenazaquin to honeybee larvae, along with its influence on larval hemolymph metabolism and gut microbiota. Results showed that the acute median lethal dose (LD50) of fenazaquin for honeybee larvae was 1.786 μg/larva, and the chronic LD50 was 1.213 μg/larva. Although chronic exposure to low doses of fenazaquin exhibited no significant effect on larval development, increasing doses of fenazaquin resulted in significant increases in larval mortality, developmental time, and deformity rates. At the metabolic level, high doses of fenazaquin inhibited nucleotide, purine, and lipid metabolism pathways in the larval hemolymph, leading to energy metabolism disorders and physiological dysfunction. Furthermore, high doses of fenazaquin reduced gut microbial diversity and abundance, characterized by decreased relative abundance of functional gut bacterium Lactobacillus kunkeei and increased pathogenic bacterium Melissococcus plutonius. The disrupted gut microbiota, combined with the observed gut tissue damage, could potentially impair food digestion and nutrient absorption in the larvae. Our results provide valuable insights into the complex and diverse effects of fenazaquin on honeybee larvae, establishing an important theoretical basis for applying fenazaquin in beekeeping.

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