数字农科院2.0

Water dynamics and competition in cotton populations: Assessing soil moisture utilization and yield patterns under different planting densities using advanced spatial monitoring and analysis

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Minghua Xin;Fengqi Wu;Guoping Wang;Xiao Fei Li;Yabing Li;Yingchun Han;Beifang Yang;Helin Dong;Simeng Guo;Lu Feng

作者机构：

关键词： Agricultural water management;Planting density;Soil profile;Spatial distribution of moisture;Yield

期刊名称： Industrial Crops and Products

ISSN： 0926-6690

年卷期： 2025 年 224 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版） ; ; EI（2025版）

摘要： With the advancement of agricultural information technology, sensors have become instrumental in monitoring soil water environments, opening new avenues for optimizing water management strategies. This study utilized high spatiotemporal resolution sensors and a grid sampling method to monitor soil moisture distribution during the squaring and flowering and boll developing stage of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) under varying planting densities. Geostatistical methods were employed to calculate soil water consumption (SWC) distribution and dynamics, quantifying water competition patterns among cotton populations at different planting densities. The analysis integrated cotton growth dynamics and yield to examine the relationship between biomass, yield, and soil water utilization. Results showed significant interannual variability in cotton growth curves, with planting density notably affecting underground biomass, yield, and the distribution of SWC within the soil profile. A positive correlation was found between water consumption at depths of 30–50 cm and yield, even under low water consumption conditions. The three-dimensional efficiency map showed that a planting density of approximately 210,000 plants·hm−2 with SWC between 250.0 and 400.0 mm resulted in stable, high biomass and yield. The double Gaussian model indicated that with increasing SWC, a first yield peak was at the SWC of 255.9 mm, after which there was a decline in water use efficiency (WUE) (the slope of yield vs. SWC). The second yield peak was at a greater SWC of around 630.0 mm. This study also found that by controlling the soil water consumption of cotton at different densities, the biomass and yield of cotton can be quantitatively regulated, thereby reducing the yield differences caused by interannual effects and varying planting densities. These findings provide valuable insights into the spatial competition and efficient utilization of soil moisture in cotton populations, offering important guidance for achieving high, stable yields and precision water management in cotton production.

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