Transcription factors PgWRKY21 and PgWRKY101 regulate protopanaxatriol ginsenoside biosynthesis in Panax ginseng
文献类型: 外文期刊
作者: Ping Wang;Yihan Wang;Junmei Lian;Yan Yan;Xiao Xing;Hao Zhang;Xiangmin Piao;Yonghua Xu;Yan Sui;Peng Di;Limin Yang;Yingping Wang
作者机构:
关键词: Ginsenosides;Panax ginseng;Regulation;Transcriptomic;WRKY transcription factor
期刊名称: Industrial Crops and Products
ISSN: 0926-6690
年卷期: 2025 年 236 卷
页码:
收录情况: SCIE(2025版) ; ; EI(2025版)
摘要: Ginsenosides, the primary secondary metabolites derived from Panax ginseng, are in high demand. Cultured tissues provide a promising approach to enhance ginsenoside production and meet this demand. This study investigated ginsenoside accumulation and gene expression profiles across various P. ginseng tissues, including callus, adventitious roots, and fibrous roots. Among the cultured tissues analyzed, callus exhibited significantly higher contents of ginsenosides Ro, 20(R)-Rg2, and Rg1. Additionally, key biosynthetic genes, including PgPPTS1, PgSQE10, and PgDDS2, showed elevated expression in callus tissues. Differential expression analyses identified numerous transcription factors (TFs) from the bHLH, MYB, WRKY, and NAC families, with multiple WRKY TFs significantly associated with ginsenoside biosynthesis. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive relationships between the expression of WRKY TFs (PgWRKY21, PgWRKY101, and PgWRKY135) and protopanaxatriol synthase (PPTS). Subcellular localization confirmed nuclear localization of these TFs. Yeast one-hybrid assays demonstrated that PgWRKY21 and PgWRKY101 directly bind to W-box elements in the promoter region. Dual-luciferase assays indicated that PgWRKY21 and PgWRKY101 significantly enhanced PgPPTS1 promoter-driven expression. Overexpression of PgWRKY21 and PgWRKY101 in transgenic P. ginseng callus resulted in an 8.79-fold and 6.83-fold increase in PgPPTS1 transcript abundance, respectively. Correspondingly, these lines exhibited significant increases in ginsenoside content, PgWRKY21-overexpressing lines showed 2.48-, 1.89-, and 1.57-fold increases in Re, Rf, and Rg1, respectively, whereas PgWRKY101-overexpressing lines demonstrated 2.17-, 2.33-, and 1.43-fold increases. These findings highlight the crucial roles of PgWRKY21 and PgWRKY101 in regulating ginsenoside production and suggest their potential as targets for metabolic engineering strategies in P. ginseng.
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