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Enhancing the immobilization efficiency of mercapto-palygorskite on soil Cd through earthworm addition: Cd fractions, soil aggregates, and bacterial community

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Yale Wang;Kaihui Hou;Junxiao Jiang;Xu Gao;Yingming Xu;Yali Wang;Chunhong Xu;Liping Li;Xuefeng Liang;Gaoling Shi

作者机构：

关键词： Amendments;Cd-contaminated soil;Earthworms;Sequential extraction;Soil structure

期刊名称： Applied Soil Ecology

ISSN： 0929-1393

年卷期： 2025 年 209 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版）

摘要： Mercapto-palygorskite (MP) has gained extensive attention due to its ability to immobilize cadmium (Cd) in calcareous soils. However, its immobilization efficiency is affected by soil organisms, and its hazardous effects on soil fauna in Cd-contaminated soils remain poorly understood. The individual and combined effects of MP and earthworms (Eisenia fetida) on Cd fractions, soil aggregates, bacterial communities, and Cd in earthworms were investigated in heavily Cd-contaminated soil (total Cd: 27.96 ± 1.19 mg/kg) for 28 d. The results revealed that MP application exerted no effect on soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), or soil aggregates, and it decreased soil available Cd concentration by converting the exchangeable Cd fraction to stable fractions, with the highest immobilization efficiency of 40.25 %. Earthworm activity is beneficial for the synthesis of >2 mm aggregates, increases the grain size fraction metal loading of >2 mm aggregates, and changes the composition and function of bacterial communities, ultimately increasing the soil exchangeable Cd fraction by 4 %. The co-cultivation of MP and earthworms decreased the soil pH by 0.28–0.30, increased the soil EC by 72.24–98.55 %, and increased the immobilization efficiency of MP on soil Cd by 2.77–12.42 %. Furthermore, 0.2 % MP significantly decreased the Cd concentration in earthworms by 30.96–42.21 % and exerted no effect on the fresh weight of earthworms. Overall, MP and earthworms exerted opposing effects on soil Cd bioavailability individually. Earthworm activity positively affected soil aggregates and MP function, whereas MP decreased Cd accumulation in earthworms.

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