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Co-existence of mcr-1 and blaCTX−M from porcine-derived Escherichia coli isolated in China and selection of mcr-1 under cephalosporins pressure

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Zixian Wang;Lin Zheng;Lingwei Zhu;Jingyi Guo;Gejin Lu;Jie Jing;Shiwen Sun;Yang Sun;Xue Ji;Bowen Jiang;Bing Liang;Chuanfang Zhao;Xuejun Guo

作者机构：

关键词： blaCTX−M;Cephalosporins (CEFs);Co-transfer;Escherichia coli (E. coli);mcr-1

期刊名称： Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance

ISSN： 2213-7173

年卷期： 2025 年 45 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版）

摘要： Objectives: The usage of cephalosporins (CEFs) and the co-existence of the extended-spectrum β-lactamase gene blaCTX−M in the same host may promote the prevalence of the colistin (CST) resistance gene mcr-1. This study aims to investigate the underlying mechanisms of how the mcr-1 and blaCTX−M demonstrate significant co-occurrence in Escherichia coli (E. coli). Methods: Conjugation assays were performed on 22 porcine-derived mcr-1-positive and blaCTX−M-positive E. coli (MCRPEC::blaCTX−M+) isolates from China to assess co-transfer potential. Whole-genome sequencing characterized the genetic localization and context of mcr-1 and blaCTX−M. Fitness cost and genetic stability were evaluated through the growth curve and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) gene stability rates measurements. Additionally, we examined mcr-1 selection during blaCTX−M co-existence under CEFs’ pressure by monitoring fitness and stability variations in mcr-1. Results: Successful co-transfer of mcr-1 and blaCTX−M occurred in 36% (8/22) of isolates, demonstrating co-transfer efficiency ranging from 1.3 × 10–5 to 1.5 × 10–3. Predominant plasmid combinations facilitating co-transfer were the IncI2(mcr-1) + IncI1(blaCTX−M) combination. Notably, we report the first identification of blaCTX−M-positive E. coli (CTX-M-EC) carrying dual mcr-1 copies on plasmids. The mcr-1 and blaCTX−M did not exhibit fitness costs in 63% (5/8) of transconjugants, with 88% (7/8) maintaining over 70% stable rate in 10 d. CEFs’ pressure enhanced both the fitness and stability of mcr-1 in blaCTX−M co-harbouring transconjugants. Conclusions: The observed high co-transfer efficiency, high stability rates, and low fitness costs of mcr-1 and blaCTX−M across distinct plasmid types and the mcr-1 selection driven by CEFs support the co-existence of mcr-1 and blaCTX−M in E. coli hosts. Our findings support the suggestion that there is an urgent need for coordinated antibiotic stewardship targeting both drug classes to curb multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria spread.

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