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Exploring the protein complexity of lipid droplets in DHA-producing Schizochytrium sp. and potential applications of lipid droplet-associated proteins in lipid production

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Chu Bin Lin;Jun Jie Wu;Xue Qiang Chen;Jia Xue Zhao;Shan Jiang;Xue Rong Zhou;Peng Yang Liu;Feng Hong Huang;Xia Wan

作者机构：

关键词： DHA;LD-associated proteins;Schizochytrium

期刊名称： Chemical Engineering Journal

ISSN： 1385-8947

年卷期： 2025 年 525 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版） ; ; EI（2025版）

摘要： Lipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic organelles essential for lipid and energy homeostasis. Despite their presence in marine thraustochytrids, little is understood about the protein composition and biological functions of LDs from this source. We investigated the lipid profile of LDs extracted from a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-producing Schizochytrium sp. strain R1. Our analysis revealed the accumulation of DHA-enriched neutral lipids and phospholipids within LDs. Proteomic analysis of isolated LDs identified hundreds of proteins involved in LD dynamics, lipid metabolism, protein synthesis, and degradation. Notably, we discovered a scaffold protein, ScLDAP, which was highly concentrated in LDs and shared sequence homology with a thraustochytrid-specific lipid droplet protein but not with any LD proteins in bacteria, animals, or plants. Overexpressing Scldap in Yarrowia lipolytica resulted in a 3.7-fold increase in total lipids and more LDs, while its overexpression in Schizochytrium sp. strain M326 led to an 88.1 % increase in TFA and an 89.5 % increase in DHA titer. However, no synergistic effects were observed when co-expressed with the acyl-CoA: diacylglycerol acyltransferase gene from Schizochytrium sp. Additionally, two auxiliary LD proteins with unknown functions were found to contribute to the increased total lipids. This study elucidates the complexity of LDs in Schizochytrium sp. and highlights the potential applications of LD-associated proteins in lipid production.

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