文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Zhanjun Liu;Xiaohu Yuan;Zhenxing Zhang;Xueyun Yang;Chao Ai;Zhaohui Wang;Qinglu Fan;Xinpeng Xu

作者机构：

关键词： K-rich soils;Soil available potassium;Soil physical–chemical–microbiological properties;Unbalanced fertilization;Yield response

期刊名称： Field Crops Research

ISSN： 0378-4290

年卷期： 2025 年 322 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版）

摘要： Context or Problem: Soil potassium (K) deficit is extremely challenging for global food security, necessitating optimal K-fertilization strategies to reconcile crop productivity and soil fertility. Objective or Research Question: The aims of this study were to: (i) quantify yield responses of wheat, maize, and rice to K addition, (ii) reveal changes in crop yield and soil physical–chemical–microbiological properties along soil available K (SAK) gradients, and (iii) identify dominant drivers mediating crop production. Methods: We collected 13,190 observations from 1681 peer-reviewed articles that involved thirty-three Chinese long-term experiments with no fertilizer (NF), nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers (NP), and NP plus K fertilizers (NPK) treatments. Results: Compared with NP, NPK significantly increased wheat, maize, and rice yield by 0.55 t ha−1, 0.69 t ha−1, and 0.54 t ha−1, respectively. Notably, the yield ratios of NPK to NP decreased with SAK increase, and the thresholds of SAK calculated at an NPK/NP ratio equal to one were 159 mg kg−1 for wheat, 149 mg kg−1 for maize, and 94 mg kg−1 for rice, respectively. Regression analysis revealed K-induced yield reductions in the twenty-first trial year across wheat, maize, and rice production systems in K-rich soils. Compared with NP, NPK significantly increased soil organic carbon (SOC), total N, total K, available N, SAK, bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes when all data were pooled, but opposite trends were observed for SOC, invertase, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, fungi, and actinomycetes in sites of Northwest China with high SAK of > 170 mg kg−1. Response ratios of NPK to NP for most soil microbiological properties significantly decreased along SAK gradients, indicating detrimental effects of K addition on soil microbial fertility in K-rich soils. According to Mantel's test and partial least squares path modeling analysis, SAK significantly positively affected crop yield in wheat and maize, whereas microbial variables negatively affected crop yield. By contrast, in rice, soil N and P rather than SAK, microbial variables, and enzymes were key determinants strongly regulating grain yield. Conclusions: Potassium-induced benefits on crop yield and soil fertility are dependent on availability of soil indigenous K supply across wheat, maize, and rice production systems. To optimize K fertilization management, K fertilization should be prioritized for wheat and maize but not for rice. Implications or Significance: Our results highlight the contrasting critical limits of SAK required by wheat, maize, and rice and provide first insights into K-induced negative regulation of crop production and soil fertility in K-rich soils.

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