文献类型： 外文期刊
作者： Zhan X.;Zhang Q.;Li M.;Hou X.;Shang Z.;Liu Z.;He Y.
作者机构：
关键词： Environmental damage cost;Pollution swapping;Reactive nitrogen loss;Sustainable N management
期刊名称： Science of the Total Environment
ISSN： 0048-9697
年卷期： 2024 年 915 卷
页码：
收录情况： SCIE（2024版） ; ; EI（2024版）
摘要： Reactive nitrogen (Nr) pollution has changed radically accompanied by severe intensive farming. This pollution further contributes to ecological degradation and climate warming. Despite this recognition, little is known about the spatial pattern of various Nr loss from croplands and corresponding environmental costs. Here, we identified the major pathway of Nr loss based on provincial estimates in 2008 and 2018, and validated by synchronous observation of ammonia volatilization, N runoff and N leaching using historical literature synthesis. We also evaluated environmental costs at provincial scale and detected the influence factors that dominating the pollution swapping among different Nr forms. Our results show that the total Nr loss was 6.28 ± 1.81 and 5.56 ± 2.30 Tg N yr−1 for Chinese croplands in 2008 and 2018. Ammonia volatilization, which accounted for more than half of the total Nr at the national scale, was proven to be the major Nr loss for two-thirds of the provinces and 80 % of the field observations. The contribution of runoff, which is dominant by precipitation, soil clay content and CEC, was gradually smaller than that of leaching from southeast to northwest. Ammonia and nitrous oxide contributed of 59.3 % ∼ 65.4 % of TNr but 80.9 % ∼ 81.5 % of total environmental damage caused by Nr in China. The use of nitrification inhibitors and straw return indicated pollution swapping among various Nr forms. This study emphasizes that the future practices to reduce total Nr loss need to account for local environmental conditions and have pollution swapping in sights. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.
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