数字农科院2.0

添加剂对堆肥过程中挥发性有机物（VOCs）的减排效果

文献类型： 中文期刊

作者： 李新荣;田壮;杨金凤;郭旋;杜连凤;王悦;成卫民

作者机构：

关键词： 堆肥;VOCs;含硫有机挥发性气体;添加剂;沸石

期刊名称：农业环境科学学报

ISSN： 1672-2043

年卷期： 2023 年

页码：

收录情况： 北大核心（2020版） ; ; CSCD（2023-2024年度） ; ; 科技核心（2023版） ; ; 农林核心（2020版）

摘要： 为明确添加剂对堆肥挥发性有机物（Volatile organic compounds，VOCs）排放的减排效果和影响因素，通过文献筛选出吸附类添加剂 （活性炭和沸石） 与有机酸类添加剂（柠檬酸和草酸）开展实验研究。在鸡粪玉米秸秆堆肥实验中，设置5个处理，分别为对照（CK）、添加活性炭、添加沸石、添加柠檬酸和添加草酸。研究对象包括115种VOCs，三甲胺和6种含硫有机挥发气体（二甲基硫醚、二甲基二硫醚、二甲基三硫醚、甲硫醇、乙硫醇、乙硫醚）。研究4种添加剂对堆肥过程VOCs减排特征和理化参数变化。结果表明：在28 d的好氧发酵中，所有试验处理均达到50 ℃并维持7 d，满足无害化标准。检出110种VOCs、三甲胺和3种含硫有机挥发气体：甲硫醚、二甲基二硫醚，二甲基三硫醚。VOCS的排放集中在前9 d，在第3天时VOCS达到峰值。5个处理在堆肥第3天检测到的VOCs浓度范围为169.22～548.26 mg·m-3。4种添加剂对各类VOCS均有减排效果。在第3天活性炭、沸石、柠檬酸和草酸对烷烃类的减排效率分别为46%、77%、79%、26%；对卤烃类的减排效率分别为97%、93%、96%、38%；对芳香烃类的减排效率分别为53%、24%、28%、11%。从堆肥第6天开始只有沸石对各类VOCs有减排效果，最高减排效率为30%。针对含硫有机挥发气体减排，按减排效果依次是草酸＞柠檬酸＞沸石＞活性炭。4种添加剂对含硫挥发气体均有减排效果，但是对三甲胺没有减排效果。综合堆肥前9 d VOCs的减排情况，4种添加剂中沸石对各类VOCs减排效果最好。堆肥过程中添加沸石有利于VOCs和其他气体的协同减排，并且对土壤和农作物不存在风险，所以沸石在堆肥工程中有广阔的应用前景。

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