数字农科院2.0

Microalgae-based strategies for cadmium remediation: insights, challenges, and future directions

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Akram, Sawera;Guan, Ge;Hu, Beibei;Saddique, Muhammad Abu Bakar;Xi, Yitao;Luo, Xiumei;Ren, Maozhi

作者机构：

关键词： Cadmium pollution;microalgae;bioremediation;bio-immobilization;sequestration;nanoparticles

期刊名称： CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY

ISSN： 0738-8551

年卷期： 2025 年

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版） ; ; EI（2025版）

摘要： Cadmium (Cd2+) pollution possesses severe risks to human health and the ecosystem due to its high toxicity, persistence, and bioaccumulation potential. Conventional remediation methods, such as chemical precipitation, membrane filtration and ion exchange, are often costly, inefficient and unsustainable. In contrast, microalgae-based bioremediation has emerged as a promising approach due to its ability of biosorption, bioaccumulation and biotransformation. Microalgae possess unique metabolic and structural attributes, including: abundant extracellular metal binding sites, polymeric substances, intracellular chelators and the ability of Cd-nanoparticles (CdSeNPs, CdSNPs) formation enabling efficient Cd2+ sequestration and detoxification. Despite these advantages, large-scale application remains limited due to gaps in understanding of key regulatory mechanisms. This review highlights the detailed mechanism of the microalgae-based Cd2+ remediation process, identifies critical factors influencing remediation efficiency and potential microalgae strain's efficiency in Cd2+ removal. Furthermore, the utilization of genetic engineering for enhancing remediation efficiency by targeting key metal transporters, chelators, and stress-response pathways and potential candidate gene are also highlighted. These biotechnological advances and the understanding of the microalgae mediated remediation process presents a promise for a large scale efficient, sustainable Cd2+ bioremediation approach.

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