数字农科院2.0

Enhancing livestock manure composting efficiency through advanced biochar functionalization: A critical review

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Wang, Dong;Liu, Yu;Wei, Xinyuan;Shi, Yulong;Xie, Xiaomei;Li, Haoran;Zhang, Qingwen

作者机构：

关键词： Functionalized biochar;Livestock manure composting;Pollutant mitigation;Microbial ecology;Antibiotic resistance genes;Sustainable agriculture

期刊名称： ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY AND ECOTOXICOLOGY

ISSN：

年卷期： 2025 年 7 卷

页码：

收录情况： EI（2025版） ; ; ESCI（2025版）

摘要： Composting of livestock and poultry manure (LPM) is a key route for nutrient recycling but faces challenges such as low humification efficiency, greenhouse gas emissions, and residual contaminants including heavy metals and antibiotics. Biochar, with its porous structure and large surface area, has shown great potential as a compost amendment. This review synthesized recent advances in functionalized biochar for LPM composting, covering preparation and modification approaches including physical activation, chemical doping, microbial colonization, composite strategies, and emerging techniques such as molecular imprinting and earthworm bioaugmentation. By comparing the differences among modification methods in terms of performance, scalability, cost, and environmental risk, and by integrating material characterization with multi-omics evidence, this review revealed how specific biochar properties influence composting parameters, microbial communities, and functional gene expression. The multifunctional roles and underlying mechanisms of biochar in optimizing composting parameters, enhancing humification, reducing carbon and nitrogen losses, immobilizing heavy metals, and removing antibiotics are systematically summarized. Finally, this study highlighted key research gaps including mechanistic links between surface chemistry and gene-level responses, and field-scale validation. This work bridged critical gaps between environmental sustainability and agricultural safety offering a comprehensive roadmap for advancing waste management strategies.

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