数字农科院2.0

Enhancing an agro-ecosystem model (AHC) for coupled simulation of water–vapor-heat-salt transport in freezing and thawing soils

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Yutao Liu;Xu Xu;Yihao Xun;Chen Sun;Guanhua Huang

作者机构：

关键词： Salinity;Simultaneous simulation;Soil freeze–thaw process;Vapor flow;Water-heat-solute transport

期刊名称： Journal of Hydrology

ISSN： 0022-1694

年卷期： 2025 年 661 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版） ; ; EI（2025版）

摘要： Soil freeze–thaw has significant effects on the agro-hydrological processes throughout the entire agricultural year, and its reasonable description is crucial to the usability of the agro-ecosystem models for seasonal frozen regions. This article introduces the development and improvement of an agro-ecosystem model AHC (Agro-Hydrological & chemical and Crop systems simulator) for simulating water–vapor-heat-salt transport in freezing and thawing soils. The improved version (AHC-2.1R) is proposed to numerically simulate soil water-heat-solute transport, soil nitrogen-carbon turnover, and crop growth with frost conditions. The model improvements mainly include: (1) incorporating more rigorous soil water–vapor-heat transport equations with provisions for freezing and thawing soils; (2) reconstructing the numerical procedure to solve water-heat coupled equations simultaneously; (3) adopting two special treatments (i.e., the limitation of net water flux into a node and the available energy-based method for a phase change) to avoid the instability caused by phase change; (4) introducing a new snowpack module to calculate the snow dynamics. Then, the model was tested and evaluated by: (1) the experimental case of soil column freezing test, and (2) the sunflower field case over two entire agricultural years in seasonal frozen regions. Good agreements were obtained between the simulated and observed data, including the soil water contents, salt contents/salinity concentration, soil temperature, and crop growth indicators. The soil water-solute-temperature dynamics, crop growth, and yield formation process, as well as the complex interactive effects, were reasonably interpreted with the AHC-2.1R. In addition, the sensitivity test and scenario analysis were also carried out to test the model's stability, reasonability, and the necessity of model improvements. Overall, the above improvements effectively enhanced the AHC model's ability to simulate soil freeze–thaw process and extended its applicability to support farmland water-salt-nitrogen management and crop production for seasonal frozen regions.

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