数字农科院2.0

Water-nitrogen use, rice growth and yield dynamics in cold regions of Northeast China: A ffve-year study

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Ya Gao ; Chen Sun; Tiago B. Ramos;Dongyang Ren; Weiyan Pan;Guanhua Huang; Xu Xu

关键词： ORYZA-N model Rice growth simulation Water and nitrogen use Yield components Rice quality

期刊名称： Agricultural Water Management

ISSN： 0378-3774

年卷期： 2025 年

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版） ; ; EI（2025版）

摘要： Rice production in the cold region of Northeast China is highly sensitive to irrigation regimes and inter-annual meteorological variations, but the long-term effects of traditional ffood irrigation (TFI) and controlled irrigation (CTI) on rice growth, yield formation, water-nitrogen use efffciency, and grain quality remain insufffciently quantiffed. This knowledge gap hinders the development of sustainable irrigation strategies for improving yield stability and resource use efffciency in the region. To address this, a ffve-year ffeld experiment (2018–2022) combined with the previously developed ORYZA-N model was conducted to evaluate TFI and CTI in the cold region of Northeast China. Meteorological data (temperature, radiation, rainfall, etc.), rice growth and yieldrelated traits, water-nitrogen use efffciency, and grain quality were monitored throughout the growing seasons. Key results indicated that July and August were critical for rice spike blooming, grain fflling and ripening, as these stages determined ffnal yield by governing sink capacity, grain fflling rate and thousand-grain weight (TGW). Inter-annual yield variability was mainly driven by uneven temperature and radiation distribution during the growing season, while excessive rainfall in the reproductive stage of wet years further reduced yields. Water excess or deffcit in paddies adversely affected rice growth and yield across all years, emphasizing the need for shallow ffood irrigation with timely ffeld drying to stabilize yield. In terms of water-nitrogen use, CTI enhanced water and nitrogen use in wet years, whereas TFI performed better in normal years. For yield, CTI increased effective spikes and yield in wet years (with minimal differences in grain fflling rate and TGW between regimes), while TFI produced more spikes and grains to achieve higher yield in normal years. Importantly, CTI did not compromise grain quality compared to TFI. These ffndings indicate that CTI is a promising strategy for wet years in Northeast China’s cold region, as it improves yield stability and water-nitrogen use efffciency without sacriffcing grain quality, while TFI remains suitable for normal years. This study provides a scientiffc basis for optimizing irrigation management and promoting sustainable rice production in cold regions with variable meteorology.

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