数字农科院2.0

Plant Responses to Abiotic and Biotic Stresses

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Longxing Tao;Tingting Chen

作者机构：

关键词： climate change and crop production; abiotic stress; plant resistance; molecular mechanism; physiological responses

期刊名称： International Journal of Molecular Sciences

ISSN： 1422-0067

年卷期： 2025 年 26 卷 19 期

页码：

收录情况： SCIE（2025版）

摘要： During their growth and development, plants often encounter a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses, such as drought, high salinity, extreme temperatures, heavy metal pollution, and pests and diseases. These stresses disrupt the normal physiological metabolism of plants, leading to inhibited growth, reduced yield, and even death [1,2]. In agricultural production, these stress factors directly affect food security. For instance, globally, crop yield reduction caused by drought reaches 10–30% every year, while losses resulting from pests and diseases amount to 20–40%. In recent years, agricultural stress events have occurred with increasing frequency, posing severe multidimensional hazards to agricultural production [3]. Global warming has led to an increase in extreme weather events. Data from the World Meteorological Organization shows that the period from 2015 to 2024 was the warmest decade on record, and 2024 was the hottest year ever recorded globally, with the average global surface temperature being approximately 1.5 °C higher than that before the industrial revolution [4]. Under such environments, meteorological fluctuations have intensified significantly; extreme weather events have occurred more frequently, heatwaves have become more common, and phenomena such as alternating freezing and drought periods, as well as sudden shifts between droughts and floods, have happened repeatedly [5]. Moreover, the range of pests and diseases has expanded. Climate warming has reduced the mortality rate of overwintering pests and diseases, significantly increasing the base number of surviving pests and diseases after winter. This has led to an increase in the number of generations of pests and diseases, an extension of their damage period, and the expansion of their infestation range to the north. In the past, the cotton bollworm rarely appeared in the cotton-producing areas of North China, but after climate warming, it broke out on a large scale in this region. There have also been extreme shifts between droughts and floods. Global warming has intensified the transition between droughts and floods. Taking the Poyang Lake Basin as an example, the water area reached a historical maximum in 2020. However, within just two years, by 2022, the basin experienced an extreme drought event that resulted in a severe contraction of the lake area, significantly impacting agricultural activities in the surrounding regions.

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