Depleting SfCarE: Innovative strategies for enhancing chlorantraniliprole toxicity through mixing with carbaryl in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
文献类型: 外文期刊
作者: Qinqin Wang;Lin Zhou;Li Wang;Xiangshuai Li;Pei Liang;Changhui Rui;Huizhu Yuan;Li Cui
作者机构:
关键词: Carbaryl;Carboxylesterase;Chlorantraniliprole;Spodoptera frugiperda;Synergistic mechanism
期刊名称: Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology
ISSN: 0048-3575
年卷期: 2025 年 218 卷
页码:
收录情况: SCIE(2025版)
摘要: The sustained application of insecticides has led to the development of resistance. Carboxylesterases (CarEs) play important roles in the resistance and synergism of chlorantraniliprole and carbaryl. In this study, the key Spodoptera frugiperda CarEs gene, SfCarE , was identified. SfCarE was highly expressed at the 4th instar and in the midgut of the 6th instar larvae. Knockdown of SfCarE resulted in significant decrease in CarE activity and an increase in susceptibility to chlorantraniliprole, as well as to the mixture of chlorantraniliprole and carbaryl. Metabolic assays demonstrated that the SfCarE protein can metabolize both carbaryl and chlorantraniliprole, while carbaryl can effectively slow down the metabolism of chlorantraniliprole, thereby increasing its retention and insecticidal effect. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation indicated that the predominant modes of interaction between SfCarE and the compounds were hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. Additionally, carbaryl exhibited a higher degree of stability in binding with SfCarE than chlorantraniliprole. Therefore, carbaryl was preferentially metabolized by SfCarE, which protecting chlorantraniliprole from metabolism. In summary, this study preliminarily reveals a synergistic mechanism in which the metabolic rate of chlorantraniliprole is reduced when combined with carbaryl. This research demonstrated that the SfCarE-mediated metabolic and synergistic interactions between chlorantraniliprole and carbaryl may provide valuable insights for the development of novel insecticidal combinations for integrated resistance management (IRM).
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