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Identification epitope on VP4 protein of Senecavirus A recognized by a monoclonal antibody

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Liang Meng; Xuyan Xiang; Xinyu Qi; Hanrong Zhou; Peiyu Xiao; Fandan Meng; Tongqing An; Haiwei Wang

关键词： Senecavirus A; Monoclonal antibody; VP4 protein; Epitope

期刊名称： Animal Research and One Health

ISSN： 2835-5075

年卷期： 2025 年

页码：

收录情况： 无来源刊（2025版）

摘要： Senecavirus A (SVA) is a causative agent of vesicular disease in pigs and has gained global attention in recent years. SVAinfection leads to vesicular lesions and hoof deformities in pigs, posing a significant threat to the swine industry. The VP4protein is a crucial component of the SVA capsid, located on the inner surface of the virus particle, and plays a key role in theviral life cycle. However, its exact function and immunological characteristics remain poorly understood. Additionally, the VP4protein of picornaviruses is known to form antigenic epitopes during viral infection, providing potential targets for antibodydevelopment and vaccine design. Nevertheless, due to the unique location of VP4, these epitopes remain largely unexplored. Inthis study, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) 4E4 was successfully generated by immunizing mice with purified SVA VP4 protein.The mAb 4E4 specifically recognizes recombinant VP4 protein and the SVA‐infected cells. Further epitope mapping usingtruncated VP4 proteins detected with Western blotting defined a key B‐cell epitope, 7SKDNFD12, which is exposed on thesurface of VP4 protein and is highly conserved among different SVA strains. Additionally, mAb 4E4 showed neutralizing ac-tivity against SVA. This study provides the first identification of a conserved antigenic epitope on the SVA VP4 protein. Thisfinding provides valuable tools for further investigation of VP4 protein function and lays the foundation for developing noveldiagnostic and vaccine strategies.

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